Journal: Frontiers in Endocrinology
Article Title: Discovery and serological validation of DAMP-derived B-cell epitopes as diagnostic biomarkers for diabetic nephropathy
doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1652922
Figure Lengend Snippet: Predicted linear and conformational B-cell epitopes mapped onto HMGB1 (A) , S100A8 (B) , and S100A9 (C) structures. Epitopes predicted by BepiPred 2.0, ABCpred, and ElliPro are visualized on the 3D structures of HMGB1 (PDB: 2YRQ) and S100A8/S100A9 (PDB: 1XK4). Overlapping linear and discontinuous epitope regions are highlighted, with key residues labeled to illustrate spatial clustering.
Article Snippet: Conformational epitopes were predicted using ElliPro via The Immune Epitope Database (IEDB) server with default settings (minimum score = 0.5; maximum distance = 0.6 Å), employing 3D protein structures obtained from the Protein Data Bank (HMGB1: 2YRQ; S100A8/A9: 1XK4) ( https://www.rcsb.org/ ).
Techniques: Labeling